Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology

Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology

Antonio Cartelli, Marco Palma

Copyright: © 2009 |Pages: 926

ISBN13: 9781599048451|ISBN10: 1599048450|EISBN13: 9781599048468

DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-845-1

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Cartelli, Antonio, and Marco Palma, editors. Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology. IGI Global, 2009. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-845-1

APA

Cartelli, A. & Palma, M. (Eds.). (2009). Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-845-1

Chicago

Cartelli, Antonio, and Marco Palma, eds. Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2009. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-845-1

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The Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology (ICT) is a comprehensive resource describing the influence of information communication technology in scientific knowledge construction, with emphasis on the roles of product technologies, process technologies, and context technologies. Through 111 authoritative contributions by 93 of the world's leading experts this reference covers the materials and instruments of information technology: from ICT in education to software engineering; the influence of ICT on different environments, including e-commerce, decision support systems, knowledge management, and more; and the most pervasive presence of information technology, including studies and research on knowledge management, the human side of ICT, ICT in healthcare, and virtual organizations, among many others. Addressing many of the fundamental issues of information communication technology, the Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology will be a top-shelf resource for any reference library.

Table of Contents

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Front Materials

Title Page

Copyright Page

Editorial Advisory Board

Preface

Acknowledgment

Articles

Article

An Academic Guidance Model to Orient Distance Students (pages 1-9)

Luca Vanin, Stefano Castelli, Alessandro Pepe, Loredana Addimando

This chapter begins with an analysis of a distance degree in psychological sciences. The structure of the course includes a national centre, faculties of different universities, and technological centres. The technological centres...

Article

Adaptation of Cognitive Walkthrough in Response to the Mobile Challenge (pages 10-13)

Chua Fang Fang

out by the evaluators to consider the behavior of the mobile interface, its impact on the user, and judge whether the user would be able to perform the tasks which features mobility. Although the CWT is suitable to be conducted...

Article

Adult Education and Adult Learning Processes with ICT (pages 14-20)

Y. Inoue

Cognitive walkthrough (CWT) is a usability inspection method which allows users to learn a system by using it to achieve tasks rather than studying a manual or documentation. It starts with a task analysis that specifies the sequence...

Article

An Alternative Learning Platform to Facilitate Usability and Synchronization of Learning Resources (pages 21-31)

Eugenia M.W. Ng

The Internet was initially set up in the 1960s and 1970s for supporting research in the military. It was then developed in 1981 in the academic community to connect university computers to enhance communications between academic...

Article

Ambient Intelligence (pages 32-39)

Fortunato Sorrentino

“Ambient intelligence” (AmI) refers to both a theoretical and a practical orientation of technology, involving the most innovative areas of the ICT sector. Recognized as a powerful trend, Ambient Intelligence has an increasing impact...

Article

Applying Constructivist Self-Regulating Learning Approach for ICT Students (pages 40-54)

Yuk Kuen Wong, Donald Vance Kerr

Universities face the challenge to ensure that quality teaching meets the needs of the students and satisfies their learning requirements (Beller & Ehud, 1998). Day (1999) suggests that teachers should instill the concept of lifelong...

Article

B2B E-Commerce Development in Syria and Sudan (pages 55-65)

Dimitris K. Kardaras

There is a revolution transforming the global economy. Web technology is transforming all business activities into information-based. The rate of technological change is so rapid that electronic commerce (eC) is already making...

Article

BISER (pages 66-68)

Dimitar Christozov

The Simon’s model of the decision-making process includes the phase of choosing among alternatives or options, designed for solving the given problem. Usually an option dominates in some of the properties and is less suitable...

Article

Blended Approach Environment Shift in Higher Education (pages 69-74)

Hanafizan Hussain

The use of educational technology at university and college campuses has grown and changed substantially in the last decades. The province of computer and other forms of technology are now being used for multiple functions in diverse...

Article

Children and Computers (pages 75-83)

Paolo Ferri

The basic assumption of our research is that in order for teachers and parents to promote an effective and critical use of new technologies in the early years (especially in preschools) they need to gain a deeper understanding of the...

Article

Classics Teaching Through ICT Experience to ICT Manual for Classics Teachers (pages 84-86)

Annarella Perra

Some European Classics Teachers, moved by the same passion for Classics and together for Information and Communication Technology so that from long ago used it on teaching Classic subjects in secondary high schools, decided to...

Article

Collaborative Knowledge Management (CKM) and Enterprise Knowledge Management (pages 87-94)

David G. Vequist IV

This article will describe the background, basic infrastructure, and future trends of collaborative knowledge management (CKM) and enterprise knowledge management (KM) systems. CKM is about capturing the information that is in...

Article

Comparison of Technologies and Methodologies in the E-Learning EXPO Experience (pages 95-99)

Giorgio Poletti

Making an effective presentation of the scientific activity that took place in the context of the E-Learning Expo, through a significant analysis, is a welcome but complex task. The E-Learning EXPO is an experience that has occupied...

Article

Computer Communication and ICT Attitude and Anxiety Among Higher Education Students (pages 100-105)

Nwachukwu Prince Ololube

This study integrates literature on computer anxiety and communication apprehension to determine their joint impact upon individual attitudes toward using computer communication (CC). This study introduces a new research domain and...

Article

Computer Simulations and Scientific Knowledge Construction (pages 106-120)

Athanassios Jimoyiannis

In this article, the basic characteristics of scientific and educational simulations are discussed. Research findings which support their educational effectiveness are presented, and emphasis is placed on the pedagogical issues of...

Article

Computer-Mediated Communication Learning Environments: The Social Dimension (pages 121-126)

Stefania Manca

The social, relational, and affective dynamics are receiving more and more attention in the study of learning processes, as cognitive, affective, and emotional dimensions of learning seem to be closely related. This kind of...

Article

Cooperative Learning Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning Science Courses in Large Classes (pages 127-131)

I. A. Ajayi, O. B. Ajayi

Cooperative learning involves students working in groups on problems or projects such that it fosters positive interdependence, individual accountability, leadership, decision making, communication, and conflict management skills...

Article

Cyberspace's Ethical and Social Challenges in Knowledge Society (pages 132-138)

Maria Ranieri

During the last years the issue of digital divide has received particular attention from international bodies like the UN, UNESCO, OECD (Bindé, 2005; OECD, 2001; UN, 2006). These organizations acknowledge that our planet is divided...

Article

Data Caching Patterns (pages 139-149)

Tony C. Shan, Winnie W. Hua

As information technology (IT) has become part of business in today’s globalized economy, increasingly higher performance of information systems is demanded by the business models to support various business operations and help the...

Article

Data Flow Diagram Use to Plan Empirical Research Projects (pages 150-159)

Jens Mende

Yourdon and Constantine (1979), De Marco (1979), and Gane and Sarson (1979) introduced the data flow diagram (DFD) more than a quarter of a century ago, as a systems planning tool that is particularly useful in the fields of software...

Article

From Distance Education to E-Learning as Integrated Training (pages 160-165)

Emilio Lastrucci, Debora Infante, Angela Pascale

In the last few years, the methods for the delivery of professional and educational training have radically changed. More knowledge and information are required from people in order to achieve an active role in their social and...

Article

Distance Learning Techniques in University Courses (pages 166-172)

Paolo Frignani

Distance learning (DL) is not, and must not become, a surrogate for traditional learning with the teacher (Trentin, 1998). For this reason, alongside virtual classroom technologies such as chat and video-audio conferences and methods...

Article

Dynamic Reconstruction of Concept Maps (pages 173-179)

Marco Pedroni

Within the e-learning context, the importance of developing concept maps—and, therefore, of developing software tools that support their design and utilization phases—clearly derives from their connection with the theme of the...

Article

E-Commerce Recommendation Systems (pages 180-188)

Konstantinos Markellos, Penelope Markellou, Aristotelis Mertis, Angeliki Panayiotaki

In the last decade electronic and wireless technologies have changed the way companies do business forever. E-commerce (electronic commerce) and e-business (electronic business) feature as extremely dynamic economic sectors and at...

Article

Education and E-Learning Evaluation and Assessment (pages 189-194)

Emilio Lastrucci, Debora Infante, Angela Pascale

The assessment of e-learning shares most of the needs and requirements of face-to-face teaching, including clarity of the main objective, needs analysis, comprehensibility of objectives, definition of resources, and balance report...

Article

EduOntoWiki Project for Supporting Social, Educational, and Knowledge Construction Processes with Semantic Web Paradigm (pages 195-201)

Corrado Petrucco

The Web is going to produce a revolution in learning and teaching: the debate on the role of ICT in educational processes leads to a reconsideration of how we deal with information and knowledge. The widespread use in educational...

Article

An Edutainment Framework Implementation Case Study (pages 202-208)

Zarina Che Embe, Hanafizan Hussain

The convergence of information technology, particularly multimedia applications, has made it possible to create electronic games with characters that come alive on the screen. From its original use just for entertainment, electronic...

Article

E-Government Growth Barriers in Sub-Saharan Africa (pages 209-214)

Princely Ifinedo

E-government, as described by the World Bank, is the use of information and communications technologies (ICT) to transform government by making it more accessible, effective, and accountable to its citizens (InfoDev, 2004)....

Article

E-Knowledge (pages 215-221)

Fortunato Sorrentino

Change is driving the new millennium along many paths. There is one particular place where the change is especially deep, and that is the path in which knowledge is heading. However, this is not always perceivable and it takes an act...

Article

E-Learning Function Integration with Corona 2 (pages 222-225)

Marco Pedroni

The aim of the Corona project, which was launched in 2003 in the context of methodological-technological research on the subject of e-learning carried out in collaboration with CARID (“Centro di Ateneo per la Ricerca, l’Innovazione...

Article

Does E-Learning Improve the Communication Among Students and Lecturers? (pages 226-242)

Charilaos A. Karampotsios, Dimitris K. Kardaras, Eleutherios A. Papathanassiou

This article reports on a survey that investigates the role of e-learning in improving the communication in learning environments. The results are drawn from the analysis of data collected from a sample of 420 university students in...

Article

E-Learning is What Kind of Learning? (pages 243-248)

Flavia Santoianni

The knowledge society has reinterpreted the concept of knowledge, shifting from the idea of philosophical argument to an epistemological meaning linked to educational actions. Knowledge is now diffuse, not centralized, and more...

Article

E-Learning Methodological Models and Typologies (pages 249-255)

Maria Ranieri

This article aims to examine these different e-learning models and discuss some recent evolutions in this field due to the development of online learning communities (Palloff & Pratt, 1999) and the diffusion of social networking...

Article

An E-Learning Project for a Basic Mathematics Course at the University (pages 256-267)

Anna Torriero, Immacolata Scancarello

This article provides an evaluation of the impact of a specific e-learning platform (www.blackboard.com) upon pass rates, in particular on the MidTerm tests pass rate of “Calculus I”, a math course held at the Catholic University of...

Article

From E-Learning to Games-Based E-Learning (pages 268-275)

Thomas M. Connolly, Mark Stansfield

The emergence of the Internet has had a significant impact on higher education where we have seen elearning evolve from a marginal form of education to a commonly accepted and increasingly popular alternative to traditional...

Article

From E-Learning to T-Learning (pages 276-283)

Roberto Cuccu

The introduction of interactive television offers new potentialities to the television medium with the possibility of including e-commerce, programs on demand, games, and, last but not least, educational programs. Digital television...

Article

Is Electronic Knowledge a Plural Thought? (pages 284-285)

Franco Frabboni

With the third millennium a new and attractive scenario has opened up, giving voice to an old face of culture: knowledge. Its “new” identity—holistic, multidimensional, and ecosystemic—was highlighted by the European Union in 2000 at...

Article

Electronic Loyalty Programs Comparative Survey (pages 286-290)

Yasin Ozcelik

Loyalty is defined as the repeated satisfaction of a customer with purchases of products from a specific firm or brand. Firms have been developing customer loyalty programs because it is generally less expensive for firms to retain...

Article

Enhancement of Recorded Respiratory Sound Using Signal Processing Techniques (pages 291-300)

Feng Jin, Farook Sattar

Pulmonary auscultation has been the key method to detect and evaluate respiratory dysfunctions for many years. However, auscultation with a stethoscope is a subjective process that depends on the individual’s own hearing, experience...

Article

ERP Integration into Existing Courses: A Three-Step Approach (pages 301-307)

Jaideep Motwani, Asli Y. Akbulut

help improve their productivity and customer service while lowering costs and inventory levels. The inherent appeal of ERP has not gone unnoticed in the business curriculum either. Several business schools (Babson College, Louisiana...

Article

E-Tutor (pages 308-314)

Maria Ranieri

In recent years, there have been extensive discussions in the information system (IS) community on how to best respond to developments in the information and communications technology (ICT) industry. Some of these discussions have...

Article

Evaluating Usability to Improve Efficiency in E-Learning Programs (pages 315-320)

Emilio Lastrucci, Debora Infante, Angela Pascale

The history of usability began almost 20 years ago when computers were about to be used outside the designer and programmer environment. Until the 1980s software was mostly produced and used by designers so usability was taken for...

Article

Factors Determining Teachers' Beliefs and Perceptions of ICT in Education (pages 321-334)

Athanassios Jimoyiannis

In this article the factors involved in the uptake of ICT by the teachers and the schools are examined. The focus of our argumentation is that teachers constitute a critical factor in the attempt to integrate technology in the...

Article

Fostering Collaboration in CSCL (pages 335-340)

Donatella Persico, Francesca Pozzi, Luigi Sarti

Some collaborative learning strategies widely used in face-to-face settings can also be adapted to online contexts. They allow us to master the complex relations between members of large, heterogeneous online learning communities....

Article

GIS Use in Landscape Archaeology (pages 341-349)

Cristina Corsi

Information technologies (ITs) entered and irreversibly changed the discipline of archaeology during the last 20 years of the second millennium. The first experiments involved databases and alphanumeric data processing, then in the...

Article

Higher Education's New Frontier for the E-University and Virtual Campus (pages 350-356)

Antonio Cartelli

Technologies entered in education since their first appearance and were used both for improving the efficacy and efficiency of traditional teaching and for creating new teaching-learning opportunities (Galliani et al., 1999). The...

Article

ICT and Interculture Opportunities Offered by the Web (pages 357-364)

Laura Corazza

In Italy, as in other European countries such as Germany and France, the words “multicultural” and “intercultural” have distinct meanings1. In some ways the passage the one from the other indicates the evolution of a concept that...

Article

ICT and the Virtual Organisation (pages 365-370)

Carmen de Pablos Heredero

The need to be adapted to the changes in the environment, to improve the operational efficiency, and to increase the level of satisfaction in customers has promoted the redesigning of the firm’s organisational processes. Firms tend...

Article

ICT Investment Evaluation Practices in Large Organizations (pages 371-377)

Chad Lin, Yu-An Huang

Business-to-business electronic commerce (B2BEC) represents the largest growth sector, that is, 80% of revenues—in e-commerce (Pires & Aisbett, 2003). IDC predicts that Australian B2BEC spending will grow at 70% annually and is...

Article

ICT Literacy in the Information Age (pages 378-383)

Ritchie Macefield

The development of homosapien man can be classified into ages. These ages fundamentally affect the patterns of how humans work, play and interact. Some social anthropologists (e.g., Toffler & Toffler, 1994) have identified three such...

Article

ICT Policies in Africa (pages 384-389)

Esharenana E. Adomi, Stella E. Igun

During the last 20 years, information and communication technologies (ICTs) have greatly provided a wealth of new technological opportunities, with the rapid deployment of both the Internet and cellular telephony leading the way...

Article

ICT Processes for Virtual Academic Research Teams (VART) in Academia (pages 390-395)

Jason S. Lecoure, Wendy R. Carroll

The purpose of this chapter is to bring these smaller self-forming, informal academic research teams into focus to understand the effects of ICT and associated processes which have emerged to support such formations. In addition, the...

Article

ICTs and Distance Education in Nigeria (pages 396-400)

Nwachukwu Prince Ololube, Andrew Egba Ubogu

Advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs) have posed complex problem for colleges and universities in Nigeria especially in their distance education programs (Ololube, 2006). Improving the quality of education...

Article

The Impact of Technological Frames on Knowledge Management Procedures (pages 401-412)

Chun-Tsung Chen

This article intended to explore technological frames held by organisational group members that implicitly served to shape their interpretations of events to give meaning and deliver actions in knowledge management procedures. The...

Article

The Implementation of Practices with ICT as a New Teaching-Learning Paradigm (pages 413-417)

Antonio Cartelli

Information and communication technology (ICT) is today influencing many aspects of our lives from administration to economy from culture and entertainment to work, and so forth. Education is receiving from IT and ICT a great deal of...

Article

Inference Tree Use to Design Arguments in Expository Reports (pages 419-428)

Jens Mende

When they write essays, many students merely attempt ‘to fill pages with material gathered from sources’ (Erion, 2000). Consequently, they produce inane arguments of the form: Adams said this, Brown said that, Cohen said the other...

Article

Information Communication Technology Tools for Software Review and Verification (pages 429-435)

Yuk Kuen Wong

While information communication technology (ICT) can be considered a well-established discipline, software development projects are still prone to failure. Even if a software project is not classified as a failure, the general level...

Article

Information Environments of Middle Managers in Higher Education (pages 436-442)

Juha Kettunen, Jouni Hautala, Mauri Kantola

The importance of middle managers is frequently noted in the context of strategic management and other key decisions (Floyd & Wooldridge, 1996; Gold, 1998; Kettunen, 2002). The role of the middle managers can, however, be much...

Article

Integrating Software Engineering and Costing Aspects within Project Management Tools (pages 443-456)

Roy Gelbard, Jeffrey Kantor, Liran Edelist

This study proposes and prototypes a model that integrates these three aspects of software projects by automatically mapping SE objects and accounting–costing objects into PM objects. To validate the feasibility of the model and...

Article

An Integrative Approach to User Interface Design (pages 457-463)

Vanja Kljajevic

As we are witnessing an increase in multifunctionality of interactive devices, two problems are taking shape in user interface (UI) design: first, the problem of complexity, and second, the problem of fragmentation (Kljajevic, in...

Article

Intelligent Multi-Agent Systems (pages 464-469)

Uros Krcadinac, Milan Stankovic, Vitomir Kovanovic, Jelena Jovanovic

Since the AAAI (http://www.aaai.org) Spring Symposium in 1994, intelligent software agents and agentbased systems became one of the most significant and exciting areas of research and development (R&D) that inspired many scientific...

Article

Intelligent User Preference Mining (pages 470-476)

Sheng-Uei Guan, Ping Cheng Tan

A business-to-consumer environment can be developed through software agents (Guan, Zhu, & Maung, 2004; Maes, 1994; Nwana & Ndumu, 1996; Wang, Guan, & Chan, 2002) to satisfy the needs of consumers patronizing online e-commerce or...

Article

Interactive Television Accessibility and Usability (pages 477-489)

Roberto Cuccu

Today, there are more than 70 million people aged 60 and above in the European Union. According to Eurostat, over the next 15 years, the population aged 65 and over will increase by 22%. Many of these citizens will experience...

Article

Introduction to Computer Forensics in the Age of Information Warfare (pages 490-497)

Terry T. Kidd

The rapid expansion and dramatic advances in information technology in recent years have without question generated tremendous benefits to business and organizations. At the same time, this expansion has created significant...

Article

IT-Enabled Reengineering: Productivity Impacts (pages 498-502)

Yasin Ozcelik

In this article, we first discuss the effects of ITenabled BPR on firm productivity by providing both empirical and theoretical evidence from the literature. We then highlight past experiences of several major firms in the United...

Article

Knowledge Management with Partners in a Dynamic Information Environment (pages 503-509)

Juha Kettunen, Jouni Hautala, Mauri Kantola

The purpose of this article is to analyse the interaction between the dynamic information environment (IE) and the operational environment to promote the cooperation of the higher education institution with business life and enhance...

Article

From Knowledge to Personal Knowledge Management (pages 510-517)

Fortunato Sorrentino

Personal knowledge management (PKM) is a conceptual framework applicable to personal knowledge. It is about taking an individual responsibility towards one’s competencies in the community where one belongs, be it an enterprise, a...

Article

Learning Processes and ITC (pages 518-525)

Manuela Gallerani

Confronting with the educational emergences defined— in the white paper presented in 1995 by the European commission with the title “Teaching and Learning. Towards a Society of Knowledge”—the Commission identifies three main factors...

Article

Leveraging Supply Chain Management in the Digital Economy (pages 526-531)

Mahesh S. Raisinghani

A supply chain is a network of facilities and distribution options that performs the functions of procurement of materials, transformation of these materials into intermediate and finished products, and the distribution of these...

Article

Linking E-Assessment to Student's Use of Online Learning Content (pages 532-541)

Kar-Tin Lee, Hitendra Pillay, Vinesh Chandra

This article will examine the development and implementation of two information and communications technology (ICT) e-assessment tools—a diagnostic assessment system and an intelligent content assessment marking system—for the...

Article

Management Information System in Higher Education (pages 542-547)

Juha Kettunen

The communication and implementation of a strategic plan is typically based on various measures in educational institutions. The balanced scorecard approach has in the 1990s attained an important role worldwide in private and public...

Article

Mobile Learning and an Experience with Blended Mobile Learning (pages 548-553)

Michelle Pieri, Davide Diamantini

Pownell and Bailey (2001) identify four “technological trends” in the relationship between Information and Communication Technologies and educational environments. In the 1960s the first computers, which were very large and extremely...

Article

Modeling Business Actions (pages 554-562)

Peter Rittgen

The effective use of information and communication technology, or ICT (Barua, Kriebel, & Mukhopadhyay, 1995; Burn & Szeto, 2000; Mahmood & Mann, 2005; Mukhopadhyay, Kekre, & Kalathur, 1995; Sircar, Turnbow, & Bordoloi, 2000; Zammuto...

Article

Modelling Wireless Local Area Networking in Higher Education Institutes (pages 563-568)

Ossi Väänänen

This article is partly based on the research being done by Turku University of Applied Sciences in Turku, Finland. The research was started in spring 2006 and is backed by the Ministry of Education in Finland. The aim of the research...

Article

Multimedia Integration in Active Online Learning Environments (pages 569-575)

Holim Song, Terry T. Kidd

The terms distance learning, online learning, and Webbased instruction have become buzzwords and catch phrases for the new phenomenon of learning. These terms used to describe an ever-changing environment represent approaches that...

Article

Narrative Learning Environments (pages 575-583)

Giuliana Dettori

Narrative, in the form of stories and narrations, is a natural mode of communication and expression, familiar to children from a very early age and frequently used also by adults. For this reason, it has often been informally...

Article

NETRIC: A Proposed System for Synthesis of Multicast Transport Protocols (pages 584-591)

Mihály Orosz, Dávid Tegze, Gábor Hosszú, Ferenc Kovács

The article presents a proposed method to select an optimal set of the multicast protocol parameters, which are linearly independent from each other. A multidimensional hyperspace, as a mathematical model, is stated where every...

Article

Network Management Resource Costs (pages 592-597)

Colin Pattinson

The reliance on computer communications networks for business and commerce, education, entertainment and many other applications demands these resources are managed effectively. In this context, “management” refers to ensuring...

Article

A New Algorithm for Minimizing Tree Pattern Queries (pages 598-606)

Yangjun Chen

XML employs a tree-structured model for representing data. Queries in XML query languages, for example, XPath (World Wide Web Consortium, 1999), XQuery (World Wide Web Consortium, 2001), XML-QL (Deutch, Fernandex, Florescu, Levy, &...

Article

A New Algorithm for Subset Matching Problem Based on Set-String Transformation (pages 607-615)

Yangjun Chen

In computer engineering, a number of programming tasks involve a special problem, the so-called tree matching problem (Cole & Hariharan, 1997), as a crucial step, such as the design of interpreters for nonprocedural programming...

Article

A Novel Application of the P2P Technology for Intrusion Detection (pages 616-621)

Zoltán Czirkos, Gábor Hosszú

The importance of the network security problems come into prominence by the growth of the Internet. This article presents a new kind of software that uses the network itself to protect the hosts and increase their security. The hosts...

Article

On the Stability of Peer-to-Peer Networks in Real-World Environments (pages 622-630)

Zoltán Czirkos, Gábor Hosszú

Communication in computer networks can be organized in two different ways, according to the client/ server model and the peer-to-peer model (Spinellis & Androutsellis-Theotokis, 2004). In the client/server model, the network is...

Article

Online Catalogue of Manuscripts Conserved in Libraries in the Veneto Region (pages 631-636)

Barbara Vanin

In 2003 the Veneto Regional Council set up a project to catalog all manuscript holdings in libraries in the Veneto region, in order to provide a freely accessible, uniform online open catalog (1) via shared cataloguing standards. The...

Article

Online Learning's Future in the Workplace with Augmented Reality (pages 637-646)

Katherine Ira, Zane Berge

Augmented reality is a technology system that enhances one’s perceptions and experiences by overlaying digitized images onto real world environments. By looking through the display lenses of special eyewear, the seamless...

Article

Online Trust in Mobile Commerce (pages 647-655)

Yuk Kuen Wong, C. J. Hsu

The aim of this study focuses solely on the customer’s perceptions of the m-commerce environment, rather than on trust in intermediaries or in third parties that might mediate between the customer and the store. The focus is on...

Article

The Open Catalogue of Manuscripts in the Malatestiana Library (pages 656-661)

A. Cartelli, A. Daltri, P. Errani, M. Palma, P. Zanfini

Many experiences laying on the Internet use have been carried out in Paleography during last years and radical changes in the methods usually adopted in that discipline have been introduced. Furthermore specially planned information...

Article

An Overview of Online Trust Derivatives for E-Commerce Adoption (pages 662-668)

Omer Mahmood

This chapter identifies various individual and collective online trust transferring techniques that e-merchants can employ for their business growth. The individual sources include, Web user interface, provision of alternate dispute...

Article

A Participatory Design Project on Mobile ICT (pages 669-675)

Ursula Hyrkkänen, Juha Kettunen, Ari Putkonen

The purpose of this article is to describe and assess the participatory development process of a palm computer with special software from the work activity system point of view and analyse the benefits and drawbacks experienced by an...

Article

Pattern-Based Identification in P2P Systems (pages 676-682)

Gábor Richly, Gábor Hosszú, Ferenc Kovács

This article presents a novel approach to search in shared audio file storages such as P2P based systems. The proposed method is based on the recognition of specific patterns in the audio contents in such a way extending the...

Article

Product Evaluation Services for E-Commerce (pages 683-690)

Sheng-Uei Guan

Despite the rapid growth of e-commerce and the hype surrounding it, the potential of the Internet for truly transforming commerce is largely unrealized to date is because most electronic purchases are still largely nonautomated. User...

Article

Quality Assurance View of a Management Information System (pages 691-697)

Juha Kettunen, Ismo Kantola

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the management information system (MIS) which integrates strategic management and quality assurance. Institutional quality audits have shown that quality assurance is quite often separate...

Article

The Relationship Between Assessment and Evaluation in CSCL (pages 698-703)

Serena Alvino, Donatella Persico

In the educational field, evaluation is a very complex activity due to the intrinsically multidimensional nature of the processes to be evaluated. Several variables must be taken into consideration, and they interact and influence...

Article

Semantic Web Adaptation (pages 704-712)

Alexander Mikroyannidis, Babis Theodoulidis

The Semantic Web is an ambitious initiative aiming to transform the Web to a well-organized source of information. In particular, apart from the unstructured information of today’s Web, the Semantic Web will contain...

Article

Social Networking and Personal Learning Environment (pages 713-720)

Antonio Fini

In social studies a social network is the set of relations that links people, through their interactions and familiarity of various kind. Today, however, social networking indicates a growing phenomenon, characterised by Web...

Article

‘Stream of Training' Approach in Project Management Training (pages 721-727)

David G. Vequist IV, Mark S. Teachout

This article describes a training innovation that combines research on advances in information communication technologies (ICTs) and leading-edge training techniques. It also extends an evolution of traditional organizational change...

Article

Strengthening the Knowledge-Base of Cities Through ICT Strategies (pages 728-734)

Tan Yigitcanlar, Koray Velibeyoglu

The chapter sets out to explain the KBD processes and challenges and opportunities in information acceptance and use in urban policy making. This chapter draws on providing a clear understanding on policy frameworks and relevant ICT...

Article

Supporting Self-Regulated Learning with ICT (pages 735-741)

Giuliana Dettori, Donatella Persico

In this chapter we investigate whether ICT tools can support the practice and development of SRL and, if so, under what conditions. More specifically, we discuss what features of such environments are likely to favour SRL.

Article

Technology Enhanced Learning in Continuing Medical Education (pages 742-749)

Guglielmo Trentin

The traditional training programs will be increasingly intended as the early stages of a learning process designed to last over time under the direct responsibility of the individual. This is true particularly in cases where...

Article

Theories and Principles for E-Learning Practices with Instructional Design (pages 750-758)

Maria Ranieri

E-learning has become an area of increasing interest for academics, consultants, and practitioners. Notwithstanding, it seems that in current experiences the instructional dimension is often overlooked. Many elearning courses are...

Article

Towards a Framework for Evaluating ICT-Based Materials (pages 759-766)

Hitendra Pillay, John A. Clarke

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) present interesting challenges for educators and ICT designers, not the least of which is the evaluation of learning. Syverson and Slatin (1995) argue that software and hardware have...

Article

Towards a New Model for Knowledge Construction and Evolution (pages 767-774)

Antonio Cartelli

The 20th century has marked the transformation of the philosophical definition of knowledge into a new and different one. The new idea of knowledge mostly depends on the experiences and theories from human and social sciences like...

Article

The Transport-Level Requirements of the Internet-Based Streaming (pages 775-781)

Dávid Tegze, Gábor Hosszú

This article presents the comparison of different transport level congestion control schemes, including variants of the TCP (Postel, 1981). The protocol mechanisms, implemented in various protocols are hard to investigate in a...

Article

Understanding RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) (pages 782-790)

Susan A. Vowels

RFID, also known as radio frequency identification, is a form of Auto ID (automatic identification). Auto ID is defined as “the identification of an object with minimal human interaction” (Puckett, 1998). Auto ID has been in...

Article

University Training on Communities of Practice (pages 791-794)

Giuditta Alessandrini, Giovanni Rosso

The term communities of practice (CoPs) has been coined by Lave and Wenger (1991) during their quests on apprenticeship from 1988. They considered some studies carried on in very different backgrounds and kinds of culture such as...

Article

Using Dynamic Visualizations to Enhance Learning in Physical Geography (pages 795-808)

Joan Bellou

According to the literature, the problems that appear in Physical Geography teaching and learning can be classified in the following five categories: 1. Terminology: Students cannot describe geographic characteristics using...

Article

Video Object Segmentation (pages 809-816)

Ee Ping Ong, Weisi Lin

Video object segmentation aims to extract different video objects from a video (i.e., a sequence of consecutive images). It has attracted vast interests and substantial research effort for the past decade because it is a prerequisite...

Article

Virtual Communities and Collaborative Learning in a Post-Graduate Course (pages 817-824)

Maria Ranieri

In this chapter I will discuss some of the main issues arising from online collaboration, through the presentation of a methodological model of a post-graduate course based on online collaboration. The model was developed over the...

Article

The Virtual Identity, Digital Identity, and Virtual Residence of the Digital Citizen (pages 825-832)

Fortunato Sorrentino

Since cyberspace appeared (Gibson, 1984), our existence has been endowed of a new dimension: “the virtual”. This new “space”, open to many interpretations, has been recognized as a philosophical category, becoming a subject of...

Article

Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments in Education (pages 833-838)

Nicoletta Sala

Virtual reality (2007), or VR, is defined in the Encyclopædia Britannica as: the use of computer modeling and simulation that enables a person to interact with an artificial threedimensional (3D) visual or other sensory environment....

Article

Web-Based Course Management Systems (WCMS) Acceptance with College Students in Estonia (pages 839-846)

Princely Ifinedo

The objective of this article is to present the results of a study that investigates the acceptance of WCMS among college students in Estonia. The country is an emerging economy in the Baltic region of Europe. Estonia has made...

Article

The Wireless Revolution and Schools (pages 847-853)

Terry T. Kidd

The current wireless revolution in our society is increasing the impending need to be able to facilitate communication and have the availability of access to information at any time, place, or medium. This notion of accessing...

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