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Depression, Self-Esteem, and Lifestyle Factors Among University Students in Singapore and Malaysia

Depression, Self-Esteem, and Lifestyle Factors Among University Students in Singapore and Malaysia

Gary Kwok, Cai Lian Tam
Copyright: © 2023 |Volume: 14 |Issue: 1 |Pages: 18
ISSN: 1941-868X|EISSN: 1941-8698|EISBN13: 9781668479254|DOI: 10.4018/ijissc.314562
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MLA

Kwok, Gary, and Cai Lian Tam. "Depression, Self-Esteem, and Lifestyle Factors Among University Students in Singapore and Malaysia." IJISSC vol.14, no.1 2023: pp.1-18. http://doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.314562

APA

Kwok, G. & Tam, C. L. (2023). Depression, Self-Esteem, and Lifestyle Factors Among University Students in Singapore and Malaysia. International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change (IJISSC), 14(1), 1-18. http://doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.314562

Chicago

Kwok, Gary, and Cai Lian Tam. "Depression, Self-Esteem, and Lifestyle Factors Among University Students in Singapore and Malaysia," International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change (IJISSC) 14, no.1: 1-18. http://doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.314562

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Abstract

Depression is one of the leading mental health disorders that occurs frequently among university students. Self-esteem and lifestyle factors are modifiable factors that have the potential of preventing depression. The study aimed to explore the relationship for depression, self-esteem, and lifestyle factors among university students in Singapore and Malaysia, and whether individual lifestyle factors mediate the relationship. Participants completed an online questionnaire that consisted of socio-demographic, Beck Depression Inventory-ll. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Simple Lifestyle Indicator Questionnaire. Data analyses showed that low self-esteem, diet, high smoking, and stress predicted an increase in the level of depression. Stress was a significant mediator for self-esteem and depression. Findings suggested that those with low self-esteem perceived stress as unmanageable, thereby increasing the level of depression scores.